Brief Summary:

This research is being done to determine the safety and tolerability of timolol in the treatment of acne and rosacea. The investigators will also look for specific biomolecular changes in acne or rosacea skin when it is exposed to timolol.

Timolol is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of glaucoma. In dermatology, it has been used as a treatment to decrease the size of vascular (blood vessel) malformations in infant skin. Timolol is not approved for use in acne or rosacea and its use in this study is investigational.

Many people with rosacea have telangiectasias which are small, red dilated blood vessels on the skin. They also suffer from flushing and acne-like lesions. Better treatments than those currently available are desired.

Acne vulgaris, or acne, is another chronic inflammatory and very common skin disease that affects about 8 out of 10 young adults and adolescents. Signs of acne include papules and blackheads that are often called primary lesions because they represent an active form of the disease. There are also secondary lesions that can form later; they are known as acne scars

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Acne Vulgaris Rosacea	Drug: Timolol	Phase 1

Detailed Description:

Rosacea affects roughly 16 million Americans who desire better treatments than those currently available. Acne vulgaris, another chronic inflammatory skin disorder, mainly affects teenagers but also affects 20-40% of adults. Investigating potential new treatments will not only satisfy a clinical need, but also offers the opportunity to learn about the pathogenesis of the disease and skin biology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible role of timolol as a therapy for the erythema and papules associated with acne and rosacea. It has been shown that timolol is beneficial and safe to treat infantile hemangiomas. The investigators hypothesize that it may also be safe and effective in the treatment of acne and rosacea.

In a single experiment where the test case was the PI (a practicing physician), the investigators treated his rosacea with timolol for this off-label indication and have noticed an improvement in flushing and an unexpected improvement in acneiform eruptions associated with the rosacea. After 30 days, less flushing and acneiform lesions were noted on the treated right side compared to the left side . Similarly, at 60 days after treatment, as visualized by infrared imaging, significantly less inflammation and flushing was noted on the treated right side even outside of episodes of flushing. The improvement was durable, such that after a 60 day washout, improvements were still noted. In summary, during testing of the PI as a case subject, timolol appeared effective, safe, and with some disease-remissive effects.

Our aim is to conduct a 16 week split-face pilot study with up to 30 patients who have a diagnosis of either inflammatory acne or rosacea to assess whether timolol maleate effectively reduces erythema, flushing, telangiectasias, and/or papules. The investigators also propose to biopsy a subset of our study patients to examine the biological activity in the skin before and after treatment. The investigators are particularly interested in studying epigenetic DNA methylation abnormalities in these conditions at baseline to compare to normal subjects and as a result of therapy.

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Please remove one or more studies before adding more. Timolol for the Treatment of Acne and Rosacea The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02774590 Recruitment Status : Completed First Posted : May 17, 2016 Last Update Posted : November 11, 2021 View this study on Beta.ClinicalTrials.gov Sponsor: Johns Hopkins University Information provided by (Responsible Party): Johns Hopkins University * Study Details * Tabular View * No Results Posted * Disclaimer * How to Read a Study Record Study Description Go to Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information Brief Summary: This research is being done to determine the safety and tolerability of timolol in the treatment of acne and rosacea. The investigators will also look for specific biomolecular changes in acne or rosacea skin when it is exposed to timolol. Timolol is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of glaucoma. In dermatology, it has been used as a treatment to decrease the size of vascular (blood vessel) malformations in infant skin. Timolol is not approved for use in acne or rosacea and its use in this study is investigational. Many people with rosacea have telangiectasias which are small, red dilated blood vessels on the skin. They also suffer from flushing and acne-like lesions. Better treatments than those currently available are desired. Acne vulgaris, or acne, is another chronic inflammatory and very common skin disease that affects about 8 out of 10 young adults and adolescents. Signs of acne include papules and blackheads that are often called primary lesions because they represent an active form of the disease. There are also secondary lesions that can form later; they are known as acne scars Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase Acne Vulgaris Drug: Timolol Phase 1 Rosacea Detailed Description: Rosacea affects roughly 16 million Americans who desire better treatments than those currently available. Acne vulgaris, another chronic inflammatory skin disorder, mainly affects teenagers but also affects 20-40% of adults. Investigating potential new treatments will not only satisfy a clinical need, but also offers the opportunity to learn about the pathogenesis of the disease and skin biology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible role of timolol as a therapy for the erythema and papules associated with acne and rosacea. It has been shown that timolol is beneficial and safe to treat infantile hemangiomas. The investigators hypothesize that it may also be safe and effective in the treatment of acne and rosacea. In a single experiment where the test case was the PI (a practicing physician), the investigators treated his rosacea with timolol for this off-label indication and have noticed an improvement in flushing and an unexpected improvement in acneiform eruptions associated with the rosacea. After 30 days, less flushing and acneiform lesions were noted on the treated right side compared to the left side . Similarly, at 60 days after treatment, as visualized by infrared imaging, significantly less inflammation and flushing was noted on the treated right side even outside of episodes of flushing. The improvement was durable, such that after a 60 day washout, improvements were still noted. In summary, during testing of the PI as a case subject, timolol appeared effective, safe, and with some disease-remissive effects. Our aim is to conduct a 16 week split-face pilot study with up to 30 patients who have a diagnosis of either inflammatory acne or rosacea to assess whether timolol maleate effectively reduces erythema, flushing, telangiectasias, and/or papules. The investigators also propose to biopsy a subset of our study patients to examine the biological activity in the skin before and after treatment. The investigators are particularly interested in studying epigenetic DNA methylation abnormalities in these conditions at baseline to compare to normal subjects and as a result of therapy. Study Design Go to Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information Layout table for study information Study Type : Interventional (Clinical Trial) Actual Enrollment : 8 participants Allocation: N/A Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment Masking: None (Open Label) Primary Purpose: Treatment Official Title: Timolol for the Treatment of Acne and Rosacea Study Start Date : March 2016 Actual Primary Completion Date : March 2021 Actual Study Completion Date : March 2021 Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine MedlinePlus Genetics related topics: Rosacea MedlinePlus related topics: Acne Rosacea Drug Information available for: Timolol Timolol maleate U.S. FDA Resources Arms and Interventions Go to Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information Arm Intervention/treatment Experimental: Timolol to split face for 8 weeks Drug: Timolol All 24 subjects will receive study drug and everyone will be randomized to which side of the face is treated with study drug first (right half-face versus left half-face). After 8 weeks of split-face treatment every night before bed, the subjects will be instructed to start treating both sides for another 8 weeks. Up to 30 subjects may be enrolled to ensure a target sample size of 24 (12 acne cases, 12 rosacea cases). This is an exploratory study. No part of this protocol will be considered routine care. Apply timolol on half of the participant's face for 8 weeks. Then treat both sides of face for 8 weeks. Outcome Measures Go to Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information Primary Outcome Measures : 1. Safety and tolerability of timolol for acne and rosacea as assessed by subject report [ Time Frame: 8 weeks ] To determine the safety and tolerability of Timolol in the treatment of acne and rosacea 2. Safety and tolerability of timolol for acne and rosacea as assessed by physician assessment [ Time Frame: 8 weeks ] To determine the safety and tolerability of Timolol in the treatment of acne and rosacea Secondary Outcome Measures : 1. Decrease of rosacea activity as assessed through visual assessments (photographs, chronometer, patient report and physician examination) [ Time Frame: 8 weeks ] In rosacea, to measure decreases of disease activity-- redness. 2. Decrease of acne activity: papules [ Time Frame: 8 weeks ] In acne, to measure decreases of disease activity: papules 3. Test if the DNA methylation patterns are corrected following clinical improvement as assessed by microarray [ Time Frame: 8 weeks ] In both conditions, test if the DNA methylation patterns specific to each is corrected following clinical improvement after timolol treatment. Eligibility Criteria Go to Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information Information from the National Library of Medicine Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies. Layout table for eligibility information Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years to 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult) Sexes Eligible for Study: All Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No Criteria Inclusion Criteria: * In the opinion of the investigator, must be medically able to undergo the administration of study material * Be able to comprehend the informed consent document and provide consent for participation * Females of childbearing potential must: + Not be pregnant by subjective report + agree to not become pregnant or breastfeed for the period of the study through 1 month after completion of the study + be willing to use a reliable form of contraception during the study * Be willing and able to comply with the scheduled visits and other study procedures for the duration of the study. * Be willing not to take any other medicine for acne or rosacea during the study * Acne specific inclusion criteria: o 10-100 noninflammatory, 20-50 inflammatory lesions (nose excluded) * Rosacea specific inclusion criteria: + History of frequent flushing + Skin erythema - Positive (not negative) chromometer minimum reading difference when subtracting nonaffected reading from affected reading. Goal would be greater than 1 unit difference between red areas. For example, the red area (average 17.7 Chroma Meter a) and nonaffected areas (average 14.1 Chroma Meter a), yields in an optimum scenario greater than 3 point difference in this example (in subjects with average Chromometer L value averaging 56.6-59.6). Example from (Helfrich et al., 2015). o Presence of inflammatory papules Exclusion Criteria: * Having received any investigational drug within 30 days prior to study entry * An allergy history to any study materials including any beta-blockers. * Pregnant, lactating, or trying to become pregnant * Severe depression * Hypotension or history * Bradycardia or history * History of Cardiac Heart Failure * History of Myocardial infarction * History of heart arrhythmia * Asthma or Bronchospasm or history * Rosacea specific exclusion criteria: Recent topicals within 3 weeks Oral rosacea medications such as antibiotics within 3 weeks • Acne specific exclusion criteria: nodular acne man with beard which interferes with clinical evaluation history of Accutane Oral contraceptive pills changes last 3 months Topical retinoid within 4 weeks Cosmetic procedures (like facial or peels) for 4 weeks Photodynamic therapy , laser therapy or microdermabrasion for 4 weeks Other topicals or oral acne medications such as antibiotics within 3 weeks o Biopsy volunteer specific exclusion criteria: History of keloids History of hypertrophic scars Allergy to lidocaine or epinephrine Contacts and Locations Go to Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information Information from the National Library of Medicine To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor. Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT02774590 Locations Layout table for location information United States, Maryland Johns Hopkins Dermatology Department Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21209 Sponsors and Collaborators Johns Hopkins University Investigators Layout table for investigator information Principal Investigator: Luis A Garza, MD, PhD Johns Hopkins Dermatology More Information Go to Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information Publications of Results: Tsai J, Chien AL, Kim N, Rachidi S, Connolly BM, Lim H, Alessi Cesar SS, Kang S, Garza LA. Topical timolol 0.5% gel-forming solution for erythema in rosacea: A quantitative, split-face, randomized, and rater-masked pilot clinical trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Oct;85(4):1044-1046. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.01.098. Epub 2021 Feb 3. No abstract available. Layout table for additonal information Responsible Party: Johns Hopkins University ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02774590 Other Study ID Numbers: IRB00074049 First Posted: May 17, 2016 Key Record Dates Last Update Posted: November 11, 2021 Last Verified: January 2021 Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: Plan to Share IPD: Yes Plan Description: Following publication the investigators will honor all requests for original data Keywords provided by Johns Hopkins University: Acne vulgaris Rosacea Additional relevant MeSH terms: Layout table for MeSH terms Acne Vulgaris Adrenergic Antagonists Rosacea Adrenergic Agents Acneiform Eruptions Neurotransmitter Agents Skin Diseases Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Sebaceous Gland Diseases Physiological Effects of Drugs Timolol Anti-Arrhythmia Agents Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Antihypertensive Agents To Top * For Patients and Families * For Researchers * For Study Record Managers * Home * RSS Feeds * Site Map * Terms and Conditions * Disclaimer * Customer Support * Copyright * Privacy * Accessibility * Viewers and Players * Freedom of Information Act * USA.gov * HHS Vulnerability Disclosure * U.S. National Library of Medicine * U.S. National Institutes of Health * U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

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